John lewis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

John lewis - Essay Example Through analysis it is found that there are only three to four factors that distinguish the market winners from the market qualifiers. Whereas in case of market qualifiers there are eight to nine factors. The market qualifiers and the market winners are also analysed with the different types of customer segments. The analysis indicates that customers who are considered as premium class are found to favour more the factors which are related to aspects aesthetic of the products, their quality, reliability and other factors like durability and serviceability. The analyses of the operational aspects indicate other processing time of the requests, there are as no other issues. Due to significantly long processing time the company is losing the loyal customers. This is the same reason for which the company is incurring significantly high cost per lead in the case of standard customers. Table of Contents Introduction 4 Analysis of the strategic and operational issues 6 Analysis of the strat egic issues 6 Analysis of the operational issues 10 Service delivery system used by John Lewis 10 Infrastructure used 11 Support to the market 12 Findings and conclusions 13 Reference List 14 Introduction John Lewis is a departmental store situated in London. ... Table 1: Market capitalization AEON Stores (Hong Kong) 3.82B Allied Consolidated Ltd 1.44M Alon Blue Square Israel Ltd 261.18M Arcandor AG 2.52M Arunjyoti Enterprises Ltd. 48.01M Ashley (Laura) Holdings PLC 18.13B Ashley (Laura) Holdings PLC NA Beale PLC 236.04M Belk Inc. 2.03B Bombay Swadeshi Stores Ltd. 99.16M Bon-Ton Stores Inc. 408.91M Briscoe Group Limited 519.58M C.P. Lotus Corporation 4.22B Century Ginwa Retail 2.23B China Resources NA China Seven Star Shopping Ltd. 175.87M China Seven Star Shopping Ltd. NA Convenience Retail Asia Ltd. NA David Jones Limited 1.31B David Jones Limited NA John Lewis 2.5B Source: (Chrol, 2011) The above table indicates that these are the major competitors of John Lewis. The major competitors are chosen on the basis of the size of the competitors. The competitors denoted above have more or less the same size in terms of asset. John Lewis serves to wide range of customers. The different types of customers and their respective percentages are repres ented in the graph below. The types of customers are denoted by the types of products and types of services. Fig 2: Division of customer segment Source: (Bajaj, 2001) The customer segment is denoted with 7 different segments. The highest number of factors is found across the electrical appliances sector due the fact that the data are taken from the quarterly sales. Due to non-availability of the sales figures for the different types of products and services on an annual basis, only the quarterly sales figures are considered. Analysis of the strategic and operational issues The strategic issues of the operations of John Lewis are analysed by identifying the customers and the market supplied by the

Globalization of Technology Essay Example for Free

Globalization of Technology Essay Politics Technology enables and even promotes changes in every aspect of our lives. Through the years it has changed what and how we eat (the microwave), how and where we work (the internet), how we are entertained, and even how we keep in touch with friends and family. And though many people may notice these types of quick advances of technology, many may not notice how technological advances have tied into changes in politics and the way they have been run. †¢The power of mass images has really become a major influence on politics as a product of a increasing technology. In the 1960’s, images of wealth in the west eventually exposed the weakness of the communist regime running the old Soviet bloc. There is the story Nikita Khrushchev narrating a film of Harlem in the 1960’s to demonstrate poverty in America. Instead, his poor, struggling citizens focused on the nylons hanging on backyard clothes lines and the number of fine autos in the street, and saw wealth rather than poverty. Today, the pictures from Iran appear in graphic detail on our televisions. The power of the mass media has made it more difficult for the state to wall off the outside world. †¢The television has been used to promote politics through commercial advertisement since the Dwight D. Eisenhower campaign in 1952. That was over 50 years ago. It has been used to broadcast presidential debates since the Kennedy vs Nixon Great Debate in 1960 which was exactly 50 years ago. However, nothing is like the way the television is used today. †¢The most recent Presidential campaign, in 2008, showed how fundraising is being impacted. President Obama raised a record breaking 600 million dollars in contributions during his run up to the election. Of that 600 that Obama received, 500 million came from the internet and through public financing through the internet. He ran as fierce an internet campaign as he did his television and radio campaigns. Later the same young people who followed Obamas every move online, turned out to vote. †¢Is technology damaging politics? †¢For example, you can argue that because there are dozens of news channels. Campaigns are now much more media run. The media decides what is news worthy (which as of the past few years has been whatever gets ratings), interprets the meaning of events for its viewers, and manipulates the decision making process of its viewers. †¢Can technology be damaging to political candidates themselves? †¢Political videos of nearly every 2008 presidential candidates can be found on YouTube. In many of the posted videos, candidates are engaged in old speeches, contradicting their current political positions. †¢Also, since the election, the internet seems to have gone from President Obamas best friend, to his greatest political enemy. Some of the most controversial legislation in US history is being introduced and posted online for all Americans to see, online commentators who once supported Obama are continuously pointing out unfilled promises. Economy and Social Relations Technological progress is the key to offering future populations the potential for improved standards of living. Technical change enables firms to combine inputs in a novel manner to produce existing products more cheaply and to develop new products to meet consumer needs. Economists and other social scientists pretty much agree that technological change is the most important contributor to economic growth in the modern era and it is estimated that more than half of the country’s long-run growth is can be attributed to technological change. †¢A prime example of technology based increases in productivity comes from the field of agriculture. Until at least the 17th century, about 90% of the population was directly involved in agriculture. In the United States, the farm population was 44% of the total population as recently as 1880. Currently, the U.S. farm population is about 2% of the total population. But over that same period, total production from farms has more than doubled. The increase in productivity is correlated with several technological innovations in the field of farming. The innovations include the widespread use of farm chemicals (fertilizers, pesticides), and farming equipment. Thus, the tremendous increase in farm productivity is seen as a direct result of the technological advances that were made in the field. †¢Technological change in production processes like that often reduces the amount of labor and other resources needed to produce a unit of output. This is good on one hand because it reduces the cost of production for products but on the other, it also results in a loss of jobs in the short-r un. The long-run is a different story though. By reducing the cost of production you thereby are lowering the price of a particular good in a competitive market, which then frequently leads to a greater demand for that good. And a greater output demand results in increased production, which requires more labor, and offsets the effects of losing jobs in the short-run. †¢Along with production technology, constant improvements of transportation and communications technologies have also had major impacts on today’s economy. Previously, physical and human resources moved around the world by means of land, sea, and air transportation. Now, with data serving as a basic resource and digital communications the means of transport, financial capital is moving throughout the world at nearly the speed of light. †¢How has technology negatively affected the economy? †¢One challenge that technology has brought about to the new global economy comes from the new wave of outsourcing. As a concept its not new. Companies have chased cheap labor around the globe for decades, making cars in Mexico, plastic toys in Taiwan and shirts in Malaysia. But in the past couple of years, the debate over outsourcing has intensified as technology companies reduce costs by sending technical support, software development, quality assurance and other functions offshore. A few years ago this idea would have been impossible. The world mostly turned to its technology leaders, companies such as Microsoft Corp. for example, when it needed software. But with the growth of broadband Internet connections and e-mail, technical support staff and software developers can respond to questions with the same speed in Bangalore, India, as they do in Bellevue. And they can do it at a fraction of the cost. †¢Of course this comes at the expense of not only lower class and low skilled workers in the U.S., but even in the middle classes, there are plenty of jobs that are now outsourced.. Again, inability to find work means inability to purchase homes, spend money, and profit companies. When people don’t buy, corporations that produce things don’t make money, which can thus â€Å"trickle down† to fewer jobs available and a greater desire to outsource to make things more cheaply so they will be more attractive to consumers. †¢Those supporting outsourcing say that lowering expenses of corporations will create jobs. There are plenty of government agencies that outsource some of their work, saving them millions of dollars, a direct effect on the US economy and on federal spending. A common theory contends that being able to pay people lower wages for work means that companies will be able to produce things with less expense and transfer this saving to consumers. Lower prices may mean more consumer spending, and companies will be able to hire more workers in the US because they’re paying less for workers outside of it. †¢Further, many argue that giving jobs to workers in less developed countries improves those countries economically and increases trade for US products. It also increases a country’s ability to pay back debts to the US, and may promote better political relationships. Companies economically benefit by selling their products in other countries. This means they can hire more people in the US and lower their prices on products for US consumers.

Protestant challenge to Catholicisms Hegemony in Northern Europe :: essays research papers

Protestant challenge to Catholicism’s hegemony in Northern Europe   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Protestants and Catholics have been fighting for centuries. Most of us, even some of them, have no clue as to what they are fighting about. In the 1520s a religious stirring began, where people were starting to get frustrated and angered by how the church was conducting itself. Northern European weather can be very cold and harsh at times, because of this, it made it very difficult for people to leave their homes to get to church. What these people saw were their church priests dressed in very ornate, warm, robes and living in nice warm homes eating very good meals. Half the time these people couldn’t understand what the priest was preaching because he spoke in Latin and they could only speak German or English. On top of all of this the people had to pay if they wanted to be forgiven for their sins, indulgences they were called, which basically provided absolutely no hope for people who didn’t have much. These were not the only things stirring feelin gs in northern Europe, the fact that the church was based in Rome, such a long way from their home, contributed to the restlessness of the people. People were starting to think that the church had no clue about their lives up in the north and how difficult it could be, they felt removed and unconnected with the church. The two major focal points for the reformation were Martin Luther and his ninety-five theses and also King Henry the eighth. Neither of these two men began the movements in their respective countries, they simply gave the people a focal point and a way to get organized.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther was a monk who taught at a Wittenberg University in the 1500s. Martin Luther had questioned the practice of selling indulgences and the fact that the church said that you could only speak to God through a priest for sometime in his mind. In 1517, when an archbishop had a sale on these indulgencies to raise money, Martin Luther decided to write a question and argument paper about the church’s questionable practices, to get some debate going at the University. The paper was called the ninety-five theses and it sparked many people’s interests in Germany and other parts of northern Europe and made Martin Luther a focal point for people who felt the same, and an enemy of the church.

Love, Choreography and Passion in The Movie Step Up :: essays research papers

In the summer of 2006, a movie by the name of â€Å"Step Up† came out. This movie soon would change the meaning of the teamwork, dedication and passion. Millions of dedicated fans from different age groups attended â€Å"Step Up† at its opening weekend. The plot plays out that a guy loves to dance, but is not involved in any professional groups. One day he gets into trouble with the law and has to complete his community service hours at an Art School. There he meets a girl and seeks his passion of dancing professionally. Love, choreography and passion are three qualities about the movie which moved and interested me. Tyler comes from a poor foster family who is always in arguments. On the other hand, Nora comes from a high class family whose parents urge her to giving up oh her dreams of dancing and pursuing a career in law. When Tyler takes the blame for the destruction he caused fooling around in the school, he receives community service as a punishment. One day while he is completing his duty, he meets Nora. Sparks fly as she auditions him for the main role in her dance. The love interest in this movie makes it all the much better to watch. Furthermore, the choreography in â€Å"Step Up† makes it so interesting and lively to view. Watching them perform the choreography they have been taught is just so amazing. As the saying goes, ‘Practice makes perfect!’ Throughout this movie, the audience noticed how much of a drive each character has to perform to their absolute fullest. The way the characters move and dance draws the viewer’s attention even more. Lastly, the passion all the characters exude is spectacular. Tyler comes from a beat down home and strives for success after seeing his potential in the world of art. His passion for dance makes him all the better at what he does. With the help of Nora, he is well on his way to victory. While Nora comes from a formal family whose father passed away, her mother thinks she knows what is best for her. However, her father always encouraged her to purse her dreams of dancing. But her mother is very skeptical about this, thinking that she cannot get anywhere with dance alone, when her mother realizes Nora’s passion for dance, she easily gives in and wants what makes Nora happier. Love, Choreography and Passion in The Movie Step Up :: essays research papers In the summer of 2006, a movie by the name of â€Å"Step Up† came out. This movie soon would change the meaning of the teamwork, dedication and passion. Millions of dedicated fans from different age groups attended â€Å"Step Up† at its opening weekend. The plot plays out that a guy loves to dance, but is not involved in any professional groups. One day he gets into trouble with the law and has to complete his community service hours at an Art School. There he meets a girl and seeks his passion of dancing professionally. Love, choreography and passion are three qualities about the movie which moved and interested me. Tyler comes from a poor foster family who is always in arguments. On the other hand, Nora comes from a high class family whose parents urge her to giving up oh her dreams of dancing and pursuing a career in law. When Tyler takes the blame for the destruction he caused fooling around in the school, he receives community service as a punishment. One day while he is completing his duty, he meets Nora. Sparks fly as she auditions him for the main role in her dance. The love interest in this movie makes it all the much better to watch. Furthermore, the choreography in â€Å"Step Up† makes it so interesting and lively to view. Watching them perform the choreography they have been taught is just so amazing. As the saying goes, ‘Practice makes perfect!’ Throughout this movie, the audience noticed how much of a drive each character has to perform to their absolute fullest. The way the characters move and dance draws the viewer’s attention even more. Lastly, the passion all the characters exude is spectacular. Tyler comes from a beat down home and strives for success after seeing his potential in the world of art. His passion for dance makes him all the better at what he does. With the help of Nora, he is well on his way to victory. While Nora comes from a formal family whose father passed away, her mother thinks she knows what is best for her. However, her father always encouraged her to purse her dreams of dancing. But her mother is very skeptical about this, thinking that she cannot get anywhere with dance alone, when her mother realizes Nora’s passion for dance, she easily gives in and wants what makes Nora happier.

Cinderella Story Essay

Elisabeth Panttaja states that the mother role in all the Cinderella’s has a wide effect on the fairytales. In the article, Panttaja analyzes the Cinderella myth from the Grimms brothers’ perspective, along with other Cinderella myths. One topic Panttaja mentions is, â€Å"Indeed, Cinderella’s mother’s role is far from marginal: the words and actions of Cinderella’s mother are of vital importance†. Panttaja suggests that even though Cinderella’s mother is not a main character in the story, she is the reason Cinderella does end up having a happy ending. This part is overlooked when reading fairytales; Cinderella’s mother is the whole reason why she has to keep striving to achieve the happy ending. Even though Cinderella’s mother appears to die in the Grimms’ version of Cinderella, her spirit lives on in relation to the tree, and the two birds. As Panttaja says, â€Å"But is she really motherless? Not really, since the twig that she plants on her mother’s grave grows into a tree that takes care of her, just as her mother promised to do†. Throughout the story the mother guides Cinderella by showing up in different forms of life and magically making Cinderella look beautiful for the ball. Cinderella uses this to her advantage, for example, when the two pigeons pluck out the evil stepsister’s eyes in the end of the story. â€Å"The happy ending proves that it is the mother, after all, who has been the power of the story† (Panttaja). This quote shows that Cinderella’s mother guided her throughout the story without actually being alive in person. Later in Panttaja’s article, she explains that Cinderella’s stepmother and her real mother are much alike. â€Å"These two women share the same devotion to their daughters and the same long-term goals: each mother wants to ensure a future of power and prestige for her daughter, and each is willing to resort to extreme measures to achieve her aim† (Panttaja). Panttaja suggests that the two mothers are competing to marry off their daughters and provide them with a happy ending. In the end, Cinderella’s mother wins because Cinderella marries the prince who is noble. Another key point that Panttaja summarizes about is the fact that the fairytales make us think that Cinderella loves the prince, but in reality the readings never seem to mention anything about love. â€Å"The prince marries Cinderella because he is enchanted†¦ by the sight of her in her magical clothes† (Panttaja). The prince never seems to care about the love from Cinderella, just that she is beautiful in the dress that her mother made magically appear. All in all, Panttaja states everything goes back to the moral of the magical mothers powers. In the end, Panttaja explains how the Cinderella legacy goes on to show how siblings compete to be better than one another, and Cinderella shows this in the â€Å"most extreme form† (Panttaja). Panttaja also goes on to explain how Cinderella is not the girl everyone always imagines.

Science Fact or Fiction essays

Science Fact or Fiction essays The late 19th and 20th centuries have seen advances in technology and scientific understanding the likes of which have not been seen before in such a short amount of time in known Human history. In the last hundred and fifty years science has advanced so much that one would barely recognize the lifestyle of Humans before all these technological wonders. In fact, if the scientists and thinkers of pre-industrial society had had a glimpse of the technology available to the average early 21st century man they would probably surely think some sort of sorcery was involved and would not believe for one moment that all these technological innovations were based on concepts of the governing laws of the universe that have applied all through mankind's history. In fact, modern science looks pretty solid when one examines all of its wondrous creations and the fact that new ones keep coming out daily. For instance, it would appear that modern science has correctly solved the understanding of conc epts and principles which govern how electricity flows in a circuit. After all, computers, hair dryers, TV's and other such electronic devices use this scientific understanding to function properly and in turn most people use such devices every day, thus is this science proven every time such a device is used successfully? It is easy to classify such scientific understanding as fact when devices built upon the science work and work very dependably at that. However is this science fact as would appear, or is merely conjecture based upon an observable phenomenon? Perhaps something entirely different happens when we throw the switch on a light bulb and it illuminates than what science says happens. Even though the light bulb lights up every time, that does not necessarily mean that the scientific understanding of how the light bulb works is true. Take for instance the scientific principles of projectile motion. In a simplified form, current physics explains...

A Clockwork Orange Essay Example

A Clockwork Orange Essay Example A Clockwork Orange Paper A Clockwork Orange Paper Essay Topic: Film A Clockwork Orange written and directed by Stanley Kubrick, is a 1971 adaption of the 1962 novel A Clockwork Orange, written by Anthony Burgess. The film portrays modification of the protagonist, Alexs behavior, through the method of operative conditioning. Kurbrick uses violence and sexual images throughout the movie, but distances the viewer to emphasize for a cruel character we initially meet. Krubrick sophistically uses music, and camera effects to distance the audience. Distancing is used initially to adapt us to this violence, and eventually sympathize with Alex. Kubrick uses music almost in an operative conditioning way, evoking abnormal emotions, when compared to the images associated with them. This turns the violent scenes, which would normally provoke emotions of rage, now are subdued and sometimes replaced with more subtle ones, or even entertains the viewer. Music is first introduced to the audience in the opening scene. The music of the moog synthesizer opens up the movie, setting the scene of the club. The viewer first meets Alex, who is speaking about becoming intoxicated, and then going out to commit some ultra-violence. The moog sets a dark scene, but also has a playful and mysterious sound to it. The next scene, where Alex and his droogs are shown beating a drunk, homeless man, serves its purpose of illustrating the type of violent acts Alex and his gang often commit. In this scene the lack of music and the raw sounds of the beating and shouting stun the audience. The next scene exposes the audience to a rival gang raping young girl. The opening of the scene opens up with the music, and the manner in which the gang manipulates the girl, dragging her in every which direction, removing her clothes in the process, is fitting for the music, and causes the audience to become distanced. Kubreck further distances the audience, by Alexs barrage of insults towards the opposing gang, sparking a fight. Throughout the fight elegant leaps, dives, tackles and breaking chairs add a choreographed element to the scene, fitting perfectly with the pace, and makes the violence seem almost comical. The next scene we experience music as a distancing tool is in the scene at Home. Alex and his droogs break into this house, and attack the house owner, tie him up, and then rape his wife. The method of distancing is used here, through the sing and dancing of Alex. He sings, Singing in the Rain, whilst giving the house owner a few swift kicks in the stomach, and gracefully dancing to the music. This song is often associated with being a playful song, with clever footwork as dancing. Alex turns this footwork into kicks, but still keeps the element of the musical with his prancing movements. After this the next time we come across music, is when Alex has returned home for the night, and puts on his cassette player. Here the audience is able to understand his connection to the music. The song plays in the back ground, accompanied with flashing images of the four Jesus statues being crucified, and other violent images from pop culture. Alex describes the great pleasure he is experiencing listening to Beethoven, we see him close his eyes and smile in ecstasy. This causes the audience to share these feelings, empathizing with the emotions shared with music. In the next two scenes the audience is distanced from the violence and sex on screen by music, as well as the speed of the shot. In the first scene Alex has brought home two females from the record store, and proceeds to have sex with them. The camera speeds up and plays fitting music, which makes it comical to the audience, desexualizing this scene, although full frontal nudity can be seen on the from the females, and a multitude of sexual positions are carried out . The other scene where Kubrick makes use of camera effect and music is when Alex beats his fellow droogs by the river. When Alex hears classical music coming out of the window when he is by the river, he proceeds to hit one of them in the stomach with his cane, kicks them in the stomach, and finally pushes them into the Thames River. This scene is filmed in slow motion, and the screams of pain when Alex cuts his fellow droogs hand, is silenced by the sound of music. This method makes the action almost surreal, although t here is blood from the cut and the image of the blade slicing through the hand, the effects of this image is minimalized by the speed and music during this scene. In these scenes Kubrick utilized camera effects and especially music to alienate the audience from the violent acts Alex and his Droogs commit. Compared to when we saw the gang beating the drunken man, to the when Alex murders the woman with a statue; we have less of a reaction to this killing. The movement of the camera, focusing on the woman, and then Alex, creats a comical standoff, as Alex distances the woman with a male statue in the form of the male genetalia. Finally the image of the statue coming down doesnt show the direct image of violence, but leaves it to the viewers mind, a further way of distancing the viewers emotions. Kubrick distances the audience, and creates a relationship, possibly making Alex a likeable character, for his alpha male position, his humor, musical interests, and his seductive abilities. When Alex is betrayed by his gang and left in a helpless position, the viewer feels a sense of sympathy for Alex, and takes his side. The prison sequence serves as a transitional bridge between the unconditioned and conditioned Alex. He is first dehumanized, having all of his positions being taken away, and is referred by all members of staff by a number, similar to that of a concentration camp. During the initial prison sequence, it appears as if Alex has already started his self-rehabilitation, turning to the bible for the answers, and befriending the pastor. The audience is likely to view Alex as someone who is becoming a changed person, but this is idea is quickly suppressed when Alex visualizes himself in bible scenes, committing these acts of holy violence. At first when Alex is exposed to this experiment, the audience doesnt sympathize with Alex, as he positively responds to the violent and sexual images being shown on screen. Once the effects of the drugs start to kick in, Alex sees the altered paradigm of these images and starts to feel sick, and cannot stand watch, and lets of screeches of pain, making the viewer feel uncomfortable. The viewer further sympathizes with Alex, when he realizes that the music he once loved is being played in conjunction with these disturbing images. Kubrick uses this direct torture scene, to show the extent of cruelty Alex went through in order to be conditioned and even gives the audience a glimpse at the images, even further connecting them with Alex. The viewer sees Alex again, this time two years after the treatment. Alex goes through a series of live action tests, in front of positions and the prison warden. The doctors use these tests to illustrate the effectiveness of the conditioning, and the control and power they have over Alex. In this scene the audience witnesses the nausea Alex experiences when he is confronted first with violence. Kubrick shows Alex not provoking the fight, and brings him to submission, licking a mans shoe, in order to stop the violence. The audience empathizes with Alex, as he would have normally responded with violence and defended himself, but even in a situation such as this one, Alex had no control. Kubrick uses camera angles to capture Alex here looking at the shoe, and being dominated by this man. Kubrick further illustrates the lack of control Alex has, when he is presented with a topless woman. Alex easily aroused reaches for the womans breasts, but cant touch them, as he is overwhelmed by nau sea. Once Alex is released back into society, it is easy to tell that Alex is out of place. When he returns home, his parents are hesitant, and are not sure how to respond to this new Alex. When Alexs replacement insults Alex, Alex attempts to hit him, but he suddenly experiences the same feeling nauseas feelings as before, causing him to seize up and stop immediately. Kubrick uses this situation to cleverly illustrate how little control Alex has when he is placed back into society. The viewer is likely to respond with empathy towards Alex, as now his parents are not accepting of him, and he cant control his actions. The viewer now sees a changed Alex, one who is now powerless, naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and unaware of the dangers surrounding him. Alex is exposed to this past society, a dystopia situated on violence, sex, and fear. Once Alex is kicked out of his home, he takes a walk to the same river where he attacked his fellow Droogs earlier in the movie. This time Alex is emotionally torn apart, having nowhere to go, as well as being neglected by his family, he stands over the river looking down sobbing, contemplating suicide. At this point the viewer has seen two sides of Alex, and is now seeing Alex at his all-time low, which provokes both anger, at the doctors who made him this way, and empathy. Alex is then approached by a drunken homeless man, the same one that Alex and his Droogs brutally beat in the beginning of the film. The man first asks for money, and then realizes that something is wrong with Alex, and attempts to help him. To the mans surprise this boy he was asking for help, was the very same one who left him for dead two years ago. Kubrick here in a change of roles, illustrates the old man as the aggressor, and similar to the demonstration scene, puts Alex into a powerless position. The old man first exclaims that he, never forgets a face, and then drags Alex to the tunnel where the other homeless are gathered. This time Alex, much like the homeless man in the begging is helpless to the onslaught of grabs, kicks and hits. This scene can be said to be the start of the cyclical timeline, where Alex is experiencing the violence he once carried out, from a victims point of view. The fight is then broken up by two policemen, two former Droogs. This is both comes to the disbelief of Alex and his former Droogs. They are surprised to see someone who once had a dominant hand on them, and controlled his position by violence, be in such a position. Now the role has reversed, where the two Droogs are the ones in power, and have the authority. Although Alex has gone through this treatment, he is still faced with violence, something that he is surrounded by in their society. In the policemen scene, Alex is dragged out to a field and has his head dunked in water, as his former Droogs attempt to drown him. In this scene Alex breaks the fouth wall or directly addresses the viewer, looking into the camera, a technique used to both isolate and cause empathy to the viewer. In another similar sequence of events, Alex ends up stumbling back to Home, the place where earlier, he had raped the owners wife. He is welcomed in this time with open arms, and is taken care of. Whilst Alex is upstairs taking a bath, he begins singing, Singing in the rain. This may be unintentional, and a subconscious reaction in Alexs mind, but this causes the house owner to have similar response to that of when Alex was being tortured. This could be said that Kubrick used this sequence to illustrate how unaware Alex is of his past life, and how violence has been completely removed from his life, and he is now under the control of the conditioning. Once the housekeeper composes himself he calls two of his friends for dinner and serves Alex some spaghetti. Through the attitude and facial expression of the house owner, the audience is aware of the anger he is experiencing sitting across from Alex. Alex seems to take little notice to this, but is only somewhat hesitant when offered wine, and more wine, but politely drinks it. Alex is then drugged and the scene ends. Alex wakes up in a bedroom. The first thing to happen be Beethovens 9th is played. Alexs conditioning has caused him to associate this song with violence, as this was a background track to the images Alex viewed during his conditioning. At this point Alex cant stand the torture of the music, and jumps out of a window. Kubrick here connects the audience with Alex, by simulating a first person point of view of Alexs attempted suicide. The closing scene has Alex in the hospital in bed. He is approached by a nurse and is asked to answer a few physiological evaluating questions. His behavior suggests that he is back to his pre-conditioning ways, with his references to violence, and crude sense of sexual humor. Kubrick here finishes the cyclical timeline, with Alex back to the start, but after seeing what the operative conditioning did to Alex, the viewer doesnt view Alex as a villain or dark, but it could be argued, is pleased to see him back in his original state. The closing scene where Alex meets the Interior Minister, suggests that Alex was merely an experiment, and then a propaganda tool for the government. The Minister justifies his actions as an accident, and that they understood that his was the best treatment for him. Classical music finally closes this scene, and Alex imagines a man and woman having sex, illustrating his successful recovery. Kubrick has now created a different image of violence and sex in the viewers mind, so when they are exposed to the last scene, they share the feelings of joy with Alex, and are happy for his recovery. Kubrick Primarily uses music as a distancing tool in A Clockwork Orange, but he also makes use of camera view points, and speed. The cyclical timeline of Alexs life can also be correlated with the viewers emotions, as they possibly see Alex back as him old self, and are left wondering if he will go back into his violent lifestyle. Kubrick emphasizes the society that Alex is raised in, how it is embedded in violence and sex, and how this possibly created Alex the way he was. A Clockwork Orange showed that even when Alex changed, the dystopian society still remained constant, and ultimately big brother had control over all of the aspects.

Free Essays on Yesterdays Dream

Yesterday’s Dream While thinking to myself I recall life is not fair Who was that girl with the curly black hair? Who liked all things should be in pairs, to wear! She was so grateful to have a home than being outsider. Since she grew up and cared by a grandmother, But for her, she’s a great mom, no one can compare Was she the type of girl who’s happy, go lucky? As she’s often called the black sheep of the family! All rules, doesn’t obey she loved doing things in her way She observed life was so hard and to live was not so easy. But she strived to get strength and face the reality. Then she learned to dream fantastic things day by day! One day, when she was sitting by the window And listening to music sounds mellow She was wondering why the leaves turned yellow And fell on the ground when the winds blow Suddenly view about her life for tomorrow If it would be full of joy or full of sorrow! While thinking, many things came out in her mind Like people said true friends are hard to find Because they just come and go then leave you behind And really hard to know for sure if they are kind As they changed so fast from chilly rain into sunshine Like the weather, as it transformed from time to time. And when she grew up, what would be her destiny? Would she be like a fruitful tree or sweet as a honey bee? Would she be a good servant or a revolutionary? Would she become an explorer of any country? Or would she be what she wants to be? Just an ordinary being of the community! Her hopes for her life are high as the sky To be like the bird, that has wings to fly! To soar with the clouds, up so high, And back to life as soon she dies. But it’s only a vision when she’ll wake by and by Sometimes it made her sigh, cry, until time passes by. The years go by; now to be woman she’s glad She learned not to dream since it made her sad Wings like a bird that she never had Its impossible ... Free Essays on Yesterday's Dream Free Essays on Yesterday's Dream Yesterday’s Dream While thinking to myself I recall life is not fair Who was that girl with the curly black hair? Who liked all things should be in pairs, to wear! She was so grateful to have a home than being outsider. Since she grew up and cared by a grandmother, But for her, she’s a great mom, no one can compare Was she the type of girl who’s happy, go lucky? As she’s often called the black sheep of the family! All rules, doesn’t obey she loved doing things in her way She observed life was so hard and to live was not so easy. But she strived to get strength and face the reality. Then she learned to dream fantastic things day by day! One day, when she was sitting by the window And listening to music sounds mellow She was wondering why the leaves turned yellow And fell on the ground when the winds blow Suddenly view about her life for tomorrow If it would be full of joy or full of sorrow! While thinking, many things came out in her mind Like people said true friends are hard to find Because they just come and go then leave you behind And really hard to know for sure if they are kind As they changed so fast from chilly rain into sunshine Like the weather, as it transformed from time to time. And when she grew up, what would be her destiny? Would she be like a fruitful tree or sweet as a honey bee? Would she be a good servant or a revolutionary? Would she become an explorer of any country? Or would she be what she wants to be? Just an ordinary being of the community! Her hopes for her life are high as the sky To be like the bird, that has wings to fly! To soar with the clouds, up so high, And back to life as soon she dies. But it’s only a vision when she’ll wake by and by Sometimes it made her sigh, cry, until time passes by. The years go by; now to be woman she’s glad She learned not to dream since it made her sad Wings like a bird that she never had Its impossible ...

Informational Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Informational Interview - Essay Example This report includes a summary of questions that were asked to an employee in an accounting field. The questions were prepared to capture challenges one goes through in the field and importance of interpersonal, communication, speaking, team work and written communication among others. Discussion The employee interviewed started to work as a junior accounts manager with future objective of becoming a CFO Manager in a financial related organization. The interviewee chose to work in this field as he is good in Math and this is what he sees as the only way promotion and can secure him any job applied for in other companies. Some of the task assigned to him currently includes managing the trainees’ accounts, communicating with the bank to ensure that the trainees are paid in time (Guffey & Loewy 2010). He also helps in recruiting exercise of accountants for other departments in the organization. The respondents finds the work satisfying as he enjoys working as an accountant, solve new challenges and making other team members happy. He works hard to ensure that he is productive and all that he does is appreciated by both the junior and seniors. Although he enjoys working as an accountant, the work has pressure. He says that he has to ensure that he does not make any mistake it affects line activities above or under him. He works in the salary and finance department where he ensures that salaries are paid in time and the trainees are satisfied and happy to be paid what they have worked for in the past month. The respondent says that the field is very competitive as one goes up the rank, competiveness and challenges increase too. The industry at large requires one to incorporate both the accounting skills, deductive skills and good decision making skills. One is required to make good decisions on when a risk is worth taking; these skills have seen him get promoted twice since he started as a trainee four years ago(Fitch 2007). The respondent has worked in multi ple departments that has exposed him well and made him to feel that he is an all round person. This industry requires him to make information he learnt in college. The accounting, etiquette, technical communication skills and business ethics skills learnt in college has helped him to ensure he meets customer satisfaction in his field of work. Over time, the respondent says that he knows that it is possible to project customer’s future needs. This is important as they need to safe guard the company image at all cost. The employees are required to have the right morale and attitude as they work; to achieve this, the respondent says that they calculate the economic growth and from there salary increment for the employees is increased accordingly. Employee’s performance is not only measured from how much money one brings into the company, but it incorporates a mixture of other factors like one’s hard work, work ethics, creativity and communication within the employe es and to customers. The company values employee’s creativity and productivity. The respondent wants to see himself in a senior management position in the coming five to ten years. The position he is aspiring to hold by then includes project manager and to manage his own department, as he aspires to be a CFO later on. The communication needs in this field is effective and a mistakes can put an employee in a lot of trouble. The respondent s

Four Arguments Research topics Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Four Arguments topics - Research Paper Example The strong turbulences in the global market, as a result of the recent financial crisis, have led many firms to change their HR strategies. Flexibility has become a key characteristic of job agreements. In regard to the workplace, flexibility can be related to different aspects of work, such as the duties incorporated in each role, the hours of work or the place of work. However, flexibility as an aspect of the workplace has been negatively criticized, especially when it threatens the rights of employees. The role of HR managers in managing flexibility in the workplace should be studied at the level that the expansion of conflicts across a business, as a result of too flexible job agreements, could harm the performance of business, either in the short or the long term. The recession of 2008 has highly affected the global market. Businesses have tried to secure their position by introducing strategies for increasing their competitiveness. Various tools have been employed for promoting the competitiveness of businesses in different industries. However, not all these tools have performed as expected. In this context, confronting competitors would be a challenging task for firms of all sizes. On the other hand, the success of many businesses in markets worldwide shows that increasing competitiveness is feasible even under strong market pressures. The effects of business activities on the environment have been extensively reviewed in the literature. It seems that business operations necessarily affect the environment but not at the lame level; firms with extensive supply chain and production networks are more likely to harm the environment, even if they have taken measures for promoting sustainability. On the other hand, MNs are difficult to be controlled, as of the mode and effects of their operations. At this point, the following question appears: why existing measures for protecting the environment from business operations have failed? In addition, are there

Sustainable Food Business Sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Sustainable Food Business Sector - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the sustainable foods are produced in the best possible ways and are traded within the ethical norms without causing any harmful impact on the society or the environment The food products that are termed as sustainable are produced and traded in such a fashion that it contributes towards the sustainable livelihoods as well as the local economies, enhances protection towards animals and plants and also takes into consideration the welfare of wild as well as farmed species, it also takes into account all possible measures so as not to cause any damage to the natural resources and contribute positively towards the climate, and provide various kinds of social benefits such as good food quality, educational opportunities and healthy and safe products. With the rise of a globalized economy, there has also been an increase in demand toward the food sector. The companies in the sustainable food sector need to meet the demand that is created in the consumer market being aligned with the environmental policies and norms and also with the sustainability agenda. There are many companies in this sector but one of the most renowned companies who has set its mark on the sustainable food sector is Kraft Food Group. Kraft Food is a grocery manufacturing company in America. The group is also into processing conglomerate. The company has its headquarters in Chicago. The company was incorporated in the year 2012 after there was a demerger that took place and the name of the original company was changed to Mondelez International. This company is now used for distributing the confectionary and snacks brand of Kraft Food. On the contrary, the Krafts food group is totally focused on the North American market and deals with grocery products. The company in the present scenario is known for its sustainability measures that it incorporates in all its products so as to offer the healthiest products to its consumers and also safeguards the environment by utilizi ng all forms of renewable energy resources.

Essentials of Life-Span Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Essentials of Life-Span Development - Essay Example The researcher will begin with the statement that he was born in Miami, Florida, and has lived most of his life there. His parents are still together and very supportive of him and his siblings. They have a close-knit, loving family relationship and depend on each other for emotional support. The researcher is the middle child of four siblings that include an older sister, and, a younger sister and brother. His younger brother is still in school, a junior; however his sisters and the author all graduated from the same high school, Pine High School. Researcher’s older sister is in nursing school at Delgado Community College; his younger sister and he also attend college there. The author’s temperament is easy going; he is extroverted and friendly. He feels that one of the main reasons for this is because his family is so close and supportive. It makes it easy to face the challenges of his life knowing that people are there for him. The researcher tries hard to stay healt hy by choosing healthy meals and taking time for exercise. As well he drinks water and does his best to get enough sleep. He avoids risky behaviors as much as possible. The author knows that as he proceeds through the life cycle, his strength and endurances will decline, therefore he wants to stay strong as long as possible so he tries to take care of his body and mind by choosing healthy behaviors. The author has many hobbies that are fulfilling to him. He enjoys shopping, eating and hanging out with his sisters and friends.  

Giza Pyramids Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Giza Pyramids - Essay Example Theories of aliens having built the pyramids at Giza are far-fetched and have not been proved to date. These theories are sometimes advanced by well-known archaeologists like Abdel Gallad, but their theories often are based on conjectures and guesses that are unable to stand the test of rigorous academic work by other historians (Todd, 1993). They are often inspired by the sensational nature of researches that surround the pyramids and the conspiracy theories that surround them, accompanied by talk of the power of the dead pharaoh, which has been well-documented in popular culture through films and stories. There are however, theories that talk of the creation of the pyramids by human hands. Prominent among these is the theory that is put forward by Joseph Davidovits and Margie Morris, who talk of how the very idea of huge rocks having been hauled up could be wrong. They discuss the possibility of slurry being carried up to the heights of the pyramid and then poured into parts of it where it would solidify into the shape that was desirable. This theory tries to address the difficulty of lifting rocks to the incredible heights that the pyramids were constructed at (Morris, 1988). Andrzej Bochnacki proposes another theory that tries to explain the mystery of the pyramids.

Essentials of Life-Span Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Essentials of Life-Span Development - Essay Example The researcher will begin with the statement that he was born in Miami, Florida, and has lived most of his life there. His parents are still together and very supportive of him and his siblings. They have a close-knit, loving family relationship and depend on each other for emotional support. The researcher is the middle child of four siblings that include an older sister, and, a younger sister and brother. His younger brother is still in school, a junior; however his sisters and the author all graduated from the same high school, Pine High School. Researcher’s older sister is in nursing school at Delgado Community College; his younger sister and he also attend college there. The author’s temperament is easy going; he is extroverted and friendly. He feels that one of the main reasons for this is because his family is so close and supportive. It makes it easy to face the challenges of his life knowing that people are there for him. The researcher tries hard to stay healt hy by choosing healthy meals and taking time for exercise. As well he drinks water and does his best to get enough sleep. He avoids risky behaviors as much as possible. The author knows that as he proceeds through the life cycle, his strength and endurances will decline, therefore he wants to stay strong as long as possible so he tries to take care of his body and mind by choosing healthy behaviors. The author has many hobbies that are fulfilling to him. He enjoys shopping, eating and hanging out with his sisters and friends.  

Final Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Final Project - Essay Example However they soon diversified their portfolio and ventured into selling DVDS, CDs, and MP3 downloads software’s, games, electronics, food, toys, furniture and apparel. They started spreading out from United States and established bases in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan and China. A business model is also termed as a business design. It is the way in which a business intends to specify a value proposition for its targeted customers, it’s positioning and it’s financial model. In other words, it is a summary of how the company intends to serve its customers, in what areas does it intend to serve its customers and what would be its product offering. At the Inception of Amazon.com, the delivery of information, services and goods to end customer was employed as its business model. It was called the â€Å"Online Retailer of Physical Good†. Under this model, manufactured products are sold online and there is a lot of dependency on third party providers. Third party providers are needed to maintain a continuous stock of supplies. Of the four types of e-commerce business models out there, Amazon uses the Business to consumer e-commerce (B2C) model. The B2C models focuses on direct selling of goods and services to the customer. This is done via online catalogs and shopping cart transaction systems. Amazon uses the virtual market place, a subtype of B2C model. Amazon became known for its feel-friendly culture when it was first launched. It was keen on recruiting the brightest, versatile and most intelligent people on the block. Its leaders tried to inculcate the same vision that they had for Amazon in the minds of their employees too. They believed in sharing hard work and fun at work. While employees were paid less than the market rates, they were given enough empowerment to feel happy and wanted at Amazon. Under its cost leadership strategy Amazon has stood out by offering rock-bottom prices. It provides good

Research Project Climate Change Essay Example for Free

Research Project Climate Change Essay INTRODUCTION Climate change is the variation of the weather in global scale which include changes in temperature, precipitation, nebulosity and other phenomena. These variations last for an extended period of time (decades to millions of years) and they can be caused by external forces (variations on the solar activity, orbital variations, impact of meteorites), internal forces (volcanic eruptions, plate tectonics, El Nino), or by results of the human activity (global warming). Global Warming There are many questions about global warming, from its causes to its effects, and many people even question whether or not it even exists. Global warming is described as the increase of the average temperature of the Earth caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities, such as deforestation, use of fertilizers, fossil fuel combustion and cement production. According to the global warming theory, the intensification of industrial activities during the twentieth century (based on the fossil fuel combustion such as petrol and coal) increased the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. The increase of the global temperature and the new composition of the atmosphere lead to several alterations which affect the elevation of the sea level, heat waves, droughts and heavy rainfall, ocean acidification and species extinctions, to name a few. Greenhouse effect and the emission of CO2 Greenhouse gases keep the Earth warm through a process called the greenhouse effect. If it were not for the greenhouse gases trapping heat in the atmosphere, the Earth would be a very cold place. Greenhouse gases are any of the atmospheric gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation produced by solar warming. They include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and water vapor. Greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere, but the elevated levels are directly blamed to human activities, specially the production in excess of carbon dioxide when any material containing carbon is burned, such as oil, coal, natural gas, or wood. However it is controversial whether the human activities are to blame for the global warming due to the emission of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide represents a very small percentage of the gases in the atmosphere (only 0.032%) and it is immediately absorbed by the vegetation, in all kind of environments, without any possibility of accumulation anywhere. The population that consumes CO2 (plants) is much bigger than the population that is emitting this gas (men and machines). Besides, the energy used in the process of removing CO2 from the atmosphere is endless: the solar energy. Mainly, the determining factors of the climate change are basically the energy of the sun or insulation and the speed of the rotation and translation of the Earth. Is Global Warming Real? Although the whole world is aware of the global warming issue and is afraid of what its impacts could do in the coming future, there are those who still believe global warming is a fiction and does not exist. The global warming debate in many parts of the earth is ranging more than before. One of the world’s best known climate change sceptic John Coleman, who co-founded the Weather Channel, has claimed that the theory of man-made climate change is no longer scientifically credible and rising global temperatures points to a natural phenomenon within a developing eco-system. According to Coleman, global warming has become a political and environment agenda item, but the science is not valid, and efforts to prove the theory that carbon dioxide is a significant greenhouse gas and pollutant causing significant warming or weather effects have failed. â€Å"The impact of humans on climate is not  catastrophic†, he says, â€Å"our planet is not in peril. It is all a scam, the result of bad science.† (John Coleman, 2014) On the other hand, former Vice President Al Gore, who had an award-winning documentary film in 2006 called An Inconvenient Truth which discusses the present and future effects of global warming, continues his fight against global warming and says that â€Å"we simply cannot continue to use the atmosphere as an open sewer for dirty and dangerous global warming pollution that endangers our health and makes storms, floods, mudslides and droughts much more dangerous and threatening.† (Al Gore, 2014). He supports the adoption of renewable energy such as solar and wind power and enforces bold new standards for fuel economy. CONCLUSION Whether global warming is a consequence of human activities or other phenomena (or both), it is real and climate change is happening. We should all do our part to help alter the future path of human-induced warming by adopting a more responsible lifestyle to reduce the amount of CO2 emission by reducing waste, recycling, switching to green power (wind and solar), planting trees, carpooling and so on. Also, less energy use means less dependence on the fossil fuels that create greenhouse gases and contribute to global warming. REFERENCES Climate Change. – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change (Online; accessed 14-November-2014). Global Warming. – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming (Online; accessed 14-November-2014). Global Warming. – NOAA National Climatic Data Center. Retrieved from http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/monitoring-references/faq/global-warming.php (Online; accessed 14-November-2014). Coleman, J. (2014) Global Warming Greatest Scam in History! – Global Warming And The Climate. Retrieved from http://www.global-warming-and-the-climate.com/ arguments-against-global-warming.htm Gore, A. (June 18, 2014) The Turning Point: New Hope for the Climate. Rolling Stone. Retrieved from http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/ the-turning-point-new-hope-for-the- climate-20140618 Statement by Former Vice President Gore on Australias climate policy. July 17, 2014. Retrieved from blog.algore.com (Online; accessed 19-November-2014).

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM)

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) Robert Konstandelos Operation A sample is made to oscillate using a vibrational unit extended on a rod. The sample is placed between two electromagnetic pieces which are used as the applied field for this this experiment. With the sample oscillating induces a voltage between the search coils which creates a signal to determine the magnetic properties of the sample. Reference coils are used to create a reference signal such that noise generated from the signal can be filtered using a lock-in amplifier [1]. Because the signal and the reference signal are directly related through its voltage and amplitude means that precise measurements can be recorded using a voltmeter. Calibration methods are important to determine the relation between the voltages induced by the magnetic field and the sample and their magnetic properties. Calibrating the applied field is done by increasing the voltage in steps measuring the field until reaching a maximum. The system is calibrated using a nickel standard normally as a number of vo lts per unit of magnetic moment. Many materials such as types of barium ferrite or alnico materials can be placed inside to determine properties. These properties include remanence, coercivity, intrinsic coercivity and operating points once the system has been calibrated. Advantages and Disadvantages in terms of experimental facets The key advantage is the precision and accuracy of VSMs. Taking measurements at a range of angles once detection arrangements for the coils have been devised can be done. The advantage of sample vibration perpendicularly to the applied field can be found once the detection coils have been arranged appropriately. This means that there is the ability to test the sample at different angles. The positioning of the coils are done in a way to reduce the effects of sample position variation and external field variation- essentially deep into the applied field shown in figure 1. Disadvantages are that they are not well suited for determining the magnetisation loop or the hysteresis curve due to the demagnetising effects of the sample. Another problem is that, particularly for the VSM used in the third year laboratory is that temperature dependence cannot be controlled. Figure 1. A schematic layout of the VSM 2. B-H Hysteresis Loop Tracer Operation The B-H hysteresis loop tracer is essentially two coils, one with a sample and the other which is empty for comparison. The insertion of a sample into the pickup coils causes a voltage proportional to the rate of change of the vector field to occur across the difference amplifier. After passing through an integrator, a voltage proportional to the intrinsic induction is passed to the Y-amp of the oscilloscope. This voltage combined with an X-voltage representing the magnetising field generated from the solenoid without the sample results in the generation of a hysteresis loop on the oscilloscope. Calibration is through a balance and phase adjustment to establish a trace on the oscilloscope. They are done to make sure that the magnetising field is linear and that every vector corresponds to the applied field. Measurements for the magnetic properties can then be made. Advantages and disadvantages in terms of experimental facets The coils have the ability to heat the sample such that temperature variance can be observed in the way that the material behaves when influenced by a magnetic field. On the other hand, this could cause overheating of the system which could result in a failure. Using a BH-looper can give the user a more improved visualisation compared to a VSM of the way a material behaves. The values plotted on the scope are only proportional to the absolute values, therefore display yields qualitative not quantitative information about a material magnetic properties. The precision is generally low compared to a VSM. Because a hysteresis loop is viewed using an oscilloscope means that observations of whether the material is a soft or hard magnetic material. And this is why it is used in quality control testing industries like the control of ferromagnetic oxides in a magnetic tape factory. Figure 2. A schematic layout of a BH loop tracer [2]. 3(I) Difference between concepts of Vector Field B, Magnetisation M and the magnetising field H The vector field B represents the magnetic induction. Magnetisation M is the magnetic moment per unit volume of a solid. Magnetising H field is the magnetic field strength. These three quantities are related by the equation. With ÃŽ ¼0 being the permittivity of free space. To show the difference between these quantities, hysteresis loops for a magnetic material shown in figure 4 are used. One of the key differences shown is that the magnetisation saturates whereas the B field increases at a constant rate for certain values for H. The magnetisation is generated by the spin and the orbital angular momentum of electrons in the solid. H is generated outside the material by electrical currents[3]. Therefore, from the equation above, the B field is the combination of H and M which shows the difference between the quantities with the inclusion of the permittivity of free space. A way to show the difference between the 3 parameters is through the representation of a bar magnet in a magnetic field shown in figure 3. Unfortunately, due to the age of the diagram, the labels are a bit old. Hence the ‘True’ field denotes the vector field B and the Applied field represents the magnetisation M. However, the arrows represent the direction and strength of each parameter. It is clear from figure 3 that the Magnetisation is much stronger than the demagnetising field. Figure 3 An example of a magnet being demagnetised in an applied field From figure 4, the two sketches representing of B and M against H can give an understanding of other magnetic properties of the material. The curve on the left can show the saturation of the magnetic material as well as the remanence Mr the remaining magnetisation after the applied field has been turned off. The right hand diagram can show the remanent induction Br and the saturation point of the applied field. In terms of the difference between the parameters, M, B and H, they yield different properties of the material in question. Figure 4 Hysteresis loops showing (a) M and (b) B field against H 3(II) The difference between the susceptibility and relative permeability The relative permeability ÃŽ ¼r and susceptibility χ are very closely related as shown by the equation below: The relative permeability represents a characterisation of magnetic materials. Paramagnetic or diamagnetic materials have permeabilities close to the permeability of free space. However for ferromagnetic materials, the permeability is large in comparison. It represents a multiplication factor. For example, the use of an iron core with a relative permeability is 200 times greater than just an air coil used. So this is a measure of the actual magnetic field within a ferromagnetic material. Susceptibility is a measure to an extent to which a material may be magnetised in a magnetic field. It represents a ratio of how much a material is magnetised compared to the applied field on that material [4]. So the susceptibility specifies how much the relative permeability differs from one as shown in the equation above. References [1] Foner S 1959 Versatile and Sensitive Vibrating-Sample Magnetometer* Rev. Sci. Instrum. 30 548–57 [2] Howling D H 1956 Simple 60-cps Hysteresis Loop Tracer for Magnetic Materials of High or Low Permeability Rev. Sci. Instrum. 27 952 [3] Jiles D 1990 Introduction to Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (Chapman and Hall) [4] Magnetic Susceptibilty http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/357313/magnetic-susceptibility

Sythetic Weed Essay -- Drugs, Teenagers

Synthetic weed This is the best stuff ever you have to try it! This is what some kids would say to one another. They are talking about this drug named K2. It is becoming a trend in most teenagers. Teenagers are being admitted to the hospital more often now. They have found something that is legal and can buy around there home town or over the internet. Parents have never heard of this stuff before. It is scary to think that you cannot even tell if a child is taking K2 because there is no drug test to tell you. I think that K2 is worse than the real marijuana. There are symptoms that do come along with taking this drug as well as long term symptoms. Some people may feel that K2 is not as bad as marijuana. But here are the facts on marijuana. The most illegal drug in America is pot. Not always and not in everyone will pot effect people. When taken pot can trigger a mild euphoria and increased sensitivity to body sensations. Some people experience perceptual distortions and they are usually pleasant. The effects of pot usually climax within an hour or two and then tend to fade all at once in three to four hours. Pot isn’t a single molecule that is a drug like alcohol or cocaine. There is a mixture of about 400 different chemical elements. There are about 85 cannabinoids that are unique to pot. The main cannabinoid is THC that is the main chemical in marijuana that triggers the drugs actions and effects on the body. (A) Some people who smoke their brains have more receptors to the THC than other people and that will affect the experience the users will have with THC to get the high. (b) THC is the chemical that is like a bomb when it goes off but it makes you feel good, it breaks up into about 80 separate by... ...ad K2 is but K2 is the worst of the two. Even though marijuana has more chemicals and the high lasts long than K2, K2 has more symptoms that are more dangers. Such as the heart beating fast more than a minute like marijuana. Also K2 you are vomiting and kids are being taken to the hospital more often now. K2 also has the keys that lock into the receptors better than marijuana and that way you can get a better high. THC is weaker than the chemicals used in K2 also. All of this information shows that it is bad for you. Anything you put in your body that is a chemical has side effects and should be used with caution. The one thing that I wish they would do to stop kids from getting admitted to the hospitals is to inform the kids what they are getting themselves into. Kids think it is good because it is legal but they are not being informed on the dangers.

My Summer Vacation :: Summer Vacation Essays

One of my favorite family traditions is summer vacation. Every summer without fail we go on vacation. For the past ten years we have been going to Disney World with our family friends the Battaglia's, so it has turned into a tradition up until last summer when we broke our florida adventure to go to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We have been going on vacation with the Battaglia's for so long for a very good reason. It is because everyone gets along. My mom, Mr. Battaglia and Mrs. Battaglia are very good friends. Ronnie Battaglia, who is 19, is my best friend and we get along great. My sister Katie, 16, and Beth Battaglia, 18, also get along very well. This works out great because we are all old enough to go out and do our own thing without getting the parents too much involved. Since most of the fun things to do are located right near the hotels we stay at we rarely need to ask them for a ride anywhere, so everyone gets there way and it turns into a great vacation for all of us.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We have been going to Disney World together for as long as I can remember. We know the place inside and out. Where all the best rides are, which park is the best, it even got so bad that we knew what time the lines for each ride was shortest. Disney World always comes out with some kind of new ride or show each year so that is what mostly kept us continuing to come back year after year. On day though while we were planning our next trip we decided it was time for a change of pace.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We thought that Myrtle Beach, South Carolina would be a nice place to visit. My mom had already ventured down there with a friend and new that everyone would enjoy it. So we went down there last summer and it was a big transition for all of us. it was more of an adult vacation which was good because we were getting a little too old for Disney World.

Maori Creation Myth

The foundation of almost every culture in the world has a creation myth explaining how the wonders of the earth came to be. These myths have a powerful influence over the people’s culture, and the way they think about their surroundings. Creation myths usually begin with the theme of birth; birth represents new life and a new beginning. Creation myths develop over the centuries through oral tradition, and are the most common form of myths found throughout human culture (Murtagh). The Maori are the aboriginal tribe that inhabits New Zealand.They are believed to have emigrated from the Polynesian Islands to New Zealand in the 500-year period between 800-1300 CE. Much evidence found suggests that the Maori share many common words with the Polynesian languages along with cultural values. The Maori are one of the most successful groups of aboriginal tribes in terms of surviving colonization. Their cultural traditions have withstood invasion from the European nations. Concerns about the decline in the original Maori language today have led to schools teaching solely in Maori so that the language remains an important part of the culture.The Maori have embraced modern societal structures, which is one of the main reasons they have remained successful. They have formed a major political power in New Zealand, have influenced school studies, and recently have devised their own television network (â€Å"The Maori†). In the beginning of the Maori’s creation myth, there was only darkness, Te Ponui, Te Poroa (the Great Night, the Long Night). In the absence of the empty space, a glow appeared and the moon and the sun sprang forth and the heavens were made light.Rangi (the Sky Father) lived with Papa (the Earth Mother), but as the two lived together, their children lived in darkness. The children could not see, and argued to how night and day might be manifested. Tumatauenga (god of war) encouraged that they kill their parents, but Tane Mahuta (god of the forests) advised that they separate their father Rangi from their mother Papa. Rongo (god of cultivated food) and Tangaroa (god of the sea) tried to separate them, but failed. Tane Mahuta achieved the task of separating his parents, and that was when night distinguished from day.Rangi was heartbroken, and shed an immense quantity of tears, so that the oceans were formed (â€Å"The Maori†). The creation of woman was fashioned from clay by Tane Mahuta. He breathed life into her nostrils, and she became Hine-hauone (‘the Earth-formed Maid’). She bore Tane Mahuta a daughter, Hine-titama (‘the Dawn Maid’) who in time also bore daughters to Tane. Hine-titama was unaware of her father’s identity, and when she found he was the Tane she thought, was her husband, she was overwhelmed with shame. Hine-titama left the world of light, Te Ao, and moved to Te Po, the world below.She became known as Hinenui-te-Po (‘Great Hine the Night’) (â€Å"M aori Mythology†). â€Å"The children of Tane were plentiful, and increased and multiplied, for death held no dominion over them† (â€Å"Maori Mythology†). The creation myth emphasizes the elements of nature such as wind and water. Most of the Maori settlements are near coastal terraces. Fishing is a significant part of the Maori culture, and of their major food sources. When Rangi shed tears due to his separation from Papa, it explained the forming of the oceans.Some of Rangi and Papa’s children decided to turn their mother over so that she and Rangi would not have to see one another’s grief and grieving. The act of rotating the earth is called Te Hurihanga a Mataaho, the overturning of Mataaho. The act is named after the child that had seen the rotation occur. After the rotation, Rangi’s tears are less than before, and are the dew drops that form in the night on Papa’s back (the earth’s surface) (â€Å"Maori†). The Maori have kept most of their cultural traditions alive to this day.A contemporary Maori individual following traditional ways perform certain actions for certain rituals that were used from their ancestors. â€Å"Spiritual entities such as ‘mauri’ are thought to be subject not so much to the laws of science as to the traditional laws that govern ritual† (Patterson). People around the New Zealand region to this day can hear individuals chant these ancient words; according to tradition, these were performed primarily because of the emergence of ‘mauri’ from the chaos of ‘Te Korekore’.The spiritual basis of the Maori is not over and done with to this day in age; they are continuing to be re-enacted from time to time to help continue the Maori traditions flourish. ‘Mauri’ is considered to be a very real and important concept of the tradition of today’s Maori world. The concept of ‘mauri’ is alive to this day with out a doubt. A local newspaper reported an article on a proposal to stop discharging sewage into a local river. A Maori leader expressed to say that the discharge had brought about an imbalance in the ‘mauri’ of the river; and without ‘mauri’, nothing can flourish. Mauri’ is said to not only affect living things, but rivers, mountains, villages, institutions, and even activities and events (Patterson). Studying the Maori philosophy today is difficult for outsiders because the important philosophical ideas that the Maori have do not translate straightforwardly into English. This is part of another culture which expresses ideas that are foreign to the English speaking world. The meaning of ‘mauri’ can take up many meanings; ‘life force’, ‘life principle’, ‘character’, ‘essence’, ‘uniqueness’, ‘quality’, or even ‘value’.Current findings in the scienti fic explanations of the Maori concepts have shown in parts of Western and Eastern China. The idea of ‘mauri’ or life force has made the Maori a sophisticated culture with a powerful environmental philosophy. Their philosophy demands that they treat the natural world with respect, and to acknowledge and care about the being of every creature the earth inhabits; to try to make sure that their interactions with the world leave it to being a better place.The Maori philosophy has the ultimate principle of unity (Patterson). The Maori culture is obviously one that dates back thousands of years ago, and has proven to survive through time to this day of age. Their practices through religion, farming, spirituality, educational upbringing, and language has survived and lived on. The Maori creation myth is quite an interesting tale, and even though it was similar to Babylonian myth, it had its distinct differences.

Administrator Challenges Essay

In modern society there are many challenges to police work. They can be very overwhelming but many grant satisfaction. It takes a special individual to be a police officer and perform the duties that are required by law for them to do. This paper will look at the satisfactions and challenges of police work on a day to day basis. One challenge that police officers face daily is the stress that accompanies the job. Many officers face very stressful and intense situations that need to be handled carefully. A police officer may face a crowd that is rioting and looting and is greatly outnumbered. He or she faces the risk of being overrun and this can be detrimental to their emotions. They may be in fear of their life because crowds feed off of each other and can become very aggressive and violent. In some instances the officer will face gunfire and this puts the officer in a life or death situation. See more: Foot Binding In China essay If the officer has to kill the subject then the officer may face Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and this can affect their performance of their daily duties and their personal lives. According to (Gersons, 1989) shooting incidents are a rare phenomenon in low violence police work; however, when a shooting incident occurs, the psychological impact for the officers involved may take the form of severe PTSD (Stewart,2011). There are programs that help individuals to cope with PTSD and can get help from The National Institute for Mental Health. Another challenge that our police officers face on a daily basis is the relations they have with the citizens of the community. Many members of society see the police officers as the enemy or are out to get them. This cannot be further from the truth. The officers need to know how to  communicate with the people in stressful situations. Most people do not realize that officers are called to show up at a residence and it may be the worst day of that individual’s life. Police officers communicate with people from a wide variety of backgrounds, attitudes, and preconceptions (2008). One skill an officer uses at one call may not work at another call. The officer must adapt and control the situation and use his or her training to get the facts and information from the bystanders or the victim(s). With all the challenges and stressors that come with policing there are also satisfactions that come with the job. Officers serve and protect the public. They patrol the streets to ensure the community is safe from would be offenders or to apprehend the ones that have already committed crimes. They take individuals of the streets that are a danger to society. They help people that may have a flat tire, domestic disputes, or have had their home broken in to. The officers feel satisfied when they capture the suspect and when they help people in need. When the officers are recognized for their good work they are satisfied with their job and may become more motivated to improve their performance on the job. Many strive to climb the ranks and with each promotion come more satisfaction. A career in law enforcement in itself is a satisfaction that many people do not get. Many officers do not do the job for the pay but rather the rewards that come with the job in serving and helping the community. Certain officers find it very rewarding when they can help a juvenile down the right path and to possibly mentor others from making life changing mistakes. Officers need to stay positive in their work and duties to ensure job satisfaction because it can affect the work they perform and also affect community relations as to how they see the police. Thus, poor performance can impact police-community relations by adversely affecting public attitudes toward the police (Buzawa, Austin, & Bannon, 1994). In the routine of having a positive work attitude and environment it creates less stress levels and fewer symptoms of stress that can lead to absenteeism, burnout, and alcoholism. There are many reasons why people do not want to become part of the law enforcement community but there are a lot of reasons and rewards why other people feel they are being called to serve and protect. Officers face many  challenges every day from life threatening to resolving domestic disputes. They forever have a family in blue and will always share each other’s pain and satisfactions. Reference Buzawa, S. E. (1984). Determining patrol officer job satisfaction: The role of selected demographic and job-specific attitudes. Criminology, 22, 61-81. Gutahun, S., Sims, B., & Hummer, D. (2008). Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment Among Probation and Parole Officers: A Case Study. PoliceOne, (). Police Communication: Why Does it Matter?. (June 2008). Retrieved from http://www.natcom.org/CommCurrentsArticle.aspx?id=886 Stewart, S. (2011, March). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and the Effect on Law Enforcement. Camp Robinson Police Department,

Impact of Quality Preschool Programs on Closing the Racial Achievement Research Paper

Impact of Quality Preschool Programs on Closing the Racial Achievement Gap - Research Paper Example This essay stresses that the impact of racial discrimination was significant on the society in the past but fortunately, today such acts are almost eliminated from the society. Meanwhile, another major problem faced by many nations is the situation of racial achievement gap where there exists social and academic gap between the children’s performance based on the color and their origin. In many circumstances, it has been seen that performances of color children lack behind in terms of academic and other subject matters when compared to white children. Such situation has resulted in racial inequality and stagnant growth of the nation. Thus, in order to overcome or narrow the prevailing racial achievement gap, quality preschool programs have been introduced with an aim of closing the racial achievement gap. This paper makes a conclusion that racial achievement gap is the phenomenon whereby there exists a major inequality of educational success between the color, low-income and minority groups of children when compared to white, high-income and non-minority children. Minimizing the persistent racial achievement gap among the white and the color students can be regarded as one of the toughest challenges to the governmental and parental efforts towards imparting quality education to their children. Usually, African American students’ score lower when compared to European American students in matters relating to writing, reading, mathematical tests and other intelligence test. Notably, this gap rises before the children are enrolled in school which continues to have its impact even in their adulthood. Contextually, in recent years, closing the racial achievement gap between the white and the color students has attracted considerable concentration of the federal and state government. As a result, a number of federal and state policies have been formulated to reduce the racial achievement gap persisting within the nation. Schools in America have been struggling for years to close the racial achievement gap among the white and Hispanic students (Wisconsin Council on Children and Families, 2004). However, the gap has been lessened since 1970, still the American color children fail to score the competitive percent almost in the entire standardized test. Conceptually, the statement does not intent to imply that all color students’ performances are below than the white pupils. However, there exists a lot of gap between these two groups (Wisconsin Council on Children and Families, 2004). Nonetheless, closing the racial achievement gap between color and white students in the USA would probably require more efforts to narrow racial disparity and further to promote racial equality among the people of the USA. Eliminating the racial achievement gap would require eff orts from both color and white people or the families that may probably consume in excess of one generation to achieve the desired outcomes. Components of Quality Preschool Programs The disparities in academic performances are highly correlated to socioeconomic, racial

Addressing Fashion's Communications Conundrum Essay

Addressing Fashion's Communications Conundrum - Essay Example Proper the advertisement through social media and immediate sales to the consumers during the fashion launch is the way to go when fashion designers are in need of making money. It is advisable to launch new brands and allow for ordering of the clothes by the consumers as well as receiving them immediately. The market should be open to all consumers and allow them to get new fashions immediately they order. This will lead to rapid production of new brands. The lead-time between ordering and receiving of new brands should be kept as minimal as possible. Timing is also important when fashion designers are planning to launch their fashion. Many sales can take place during festive seasons. The Luxury Fashion Business In the article, Amed (2011) presents an insight into how to manage a luxury fashion business. That should revolve around a technology that ensures past designs are faced out. The luxury fashion management ensures redundancy management, seasonality management, tapping creative talent, investing in retails outlets and considering the use of technology. Opinion on Luxury Fashion Business The fashion business demands strategic management to ensure that luxury brands remain relevant and keep moving in the market. Before designing luxury materials, designers should conduct research in the market to find out the consumers’ tastes and preferences. Luxury designs should be recycled for a short period before they become redundant.

Intellectual property Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Intellectual property - Essay Example ecognizes the intellectual property right and offer protection in order to nurture creativity by ensuring the owner is in full control of who uses that property and enables the owner to charge other users in order to raise income.2 In the case of Rihanna against Topshop, the plaintiff raised the issue of passing off since there was legal protection for the images. The study explores how justice Birss approached the case and what led him into a conclusion that the plaintiff had a legal claim against Topshop, and examine the appeal process as well as merits for the appeal. The defendant was given a chance to petition for an appeal either against the charges or against prohibition of sale of the merchandise. In Robyn Rihanna Fenty and others v Arcadia Group Brands Ltd (t/a Topshop) and another [2013] EWHC 2310 (Ch), the case was about Robyn Rihanna Fenty (â€Å"Rihanna†) and Arcardia Group Brands Ltd (â€Å"Topshop†) the world renown pop star and fashion dealer respectively. The defendant started producing and selling t–shirts with plaintiff’s image on it. The defendant had obtained permission to use the image on the t-shirts from an independent photographer, but they did not obtain permission from the plaintiff. The independent photographer had taken those photos with the permission of the plaintiff in one of the Plaintiff’s video shooting for single from her â€Å"Talk That Talk album.† Rihanna sued the Topshop against passing off for using her image to market their products without her permission. The claim in her legal suit against the defendant was that the conduct of the defendant was an infringement of plaintiff’s rights.3 In the p assing of judgement, the plaintiff had the onus to prove that she had public goodwill, the defendant’s conduct portrayed misrepresentation and that the plaintiff suffered some loss as a result of defendant’s conducts according to the ruling in the case Reckitt & Colman Ltd v Borden Inc [1990] 1 All E.R. 873. The laws

Human Resources Dilema Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human Resources Dilema - Assignment Example Failure to comply with Steven’s plea might lead to poor service delivery by the employee. The company should assess the consequences of such an adjustment to ensure that all the parties meet their objectives. 3) Didi is compliant with the provisions of the FLSA since; veronica is entitled to keep all her tips. Furthermore, the tips of veronica exceed the minimum tip of 30$ per month required by the FLSA so that an employee can be given less than the minimum wage of $7.25 per hour. FLSA is a federal statute act in the department of labor of the United States. The act introduced; a minimum wage of $7.25 per hour, 44 hours 7 days work week, prohibited child employment, and guaranteed pay for overtime. In 2007, the act was amended to provide for a minimum wage of $7.25 per hour. This minimum wage had exemptions to workers who are tipped, and allowed to keep all the tips. 4) The head teacher should not be worried since the school management is not violating any law set by OSHA. According to the provisions of the act, certain places of work are exempted from OSHA inspections because they lie outside the act. Most of these work places are regulated by the government. These include; mining workers, public sector, and some domestic workers or people whose work place is domestic. The school is regulated by the government department and hence it is exempt from inspections by OSHA

The Advantages & Disadvantages for Working at P&G Essay

The Advantages & Disadvantages for Working at P&G - Essay Example P&G is restructuring its product portfolio as part of a $10 billion cost-cutting plan. Nearly 100 brands that collectively generate revenue of $2.4 billion are likely to be divested (Kumar). P&G has 23 billion dollar brands in its portfolio which will be retained. The success of a brand restructuring program is to identify and weed out low performing brands and retain the cash cows. P&G is treading on the right path and therefore investors should feel encouraged. The leaner, trimmed down P&G is likely to be more focused, nimble and responsive to customer needs which will help the company in the long run. A.G. Lafley resumed the position of P&G’s CEO in 2013. He had been at the helm of P&G from 2000 to 2009. Thereafter, Bob McDonald steered the P&G ship for four years (Coolidge). Lafley returned as CEO to guide P&G out of the woods. He is presently overseeing a massive restructuring plan (Green). He is committed to reducing costs and increasing efficiency. Lafley’s leadership style is bound to make a profound difference for the business going forward. The incumbent CEO intends to  refocus on innovation; an attribute that helped P&G reach dizzy heights during his first tenure (Coolidge). Lafley is an astute strategist who is willing to take calculated risks. He believes in the philosophy that customer is the boss. Lafley’s assertiveness, creativity and infallible administrative ability have won him many accolades and awards (Ukessays.com). P&G offers job opportunities across functional areas, geographical territories and hierarchical levels. The company offers full-time and part-time jobs, temporary work as well internships. P&G scouts for people who are curious and innovative. People who are able to establish a rapport with other people are seen as potential employees. P&G hires agile people who are prepared to meet the challenges head-on. Employees having these traits mesh well with P&G’s organizational culture and help fuel future growth  of the company. The reasoning test checks the cognitive ability of the candidate.

Why did the majority of Germans conform to Nazi rule Essay Example for Free

Why did the majority of Germans conform to Nazi rule Essay The majority of German citizens conformed to Nazi rule because of the dual positive and negative pressures exerted by the regime. The Nazis designed and aggressively propagated a programme likely to be attractive to most of the community and backed this up with an apparatus of terror to silence those not convinced. The successes of the party within the country assured widespread support. Hitlers foreign policy, that overturned the Treaty of Versailles and secured Germany a great deal of territory even before the war, garnered him unparalleled popularity. The few opposition groups, and those groups targeted by Nazi ideology, were sent to concentration camps and a vigorous secret police assured that no opposition, especially not vocal, remained in Germany for long. Even when the atrocities of the Nazis became somewhat known Germans continued to conform to Nazi rule, primarily as a result of the anti-Semitism and bigotry prevalent in German society, effectively fostered by the Nazis. Finally, the Hitler myth is vital in understanding why the majority of Germans conformed to the rule of the regime. The contrast between Nazi rule and that of the Weimar Government that preceded it is vital in understanding why the majority of Germans conformed to Nazi rule. Gellately describes how many Germans believed that the liberal Weimar Republic was a degenerate society, and that their country was on the road to ruin. Newspapers were filled with stories regarding crime, drugs, murder and the activities of organized gangs. Crime had risen steadily between 1927 and 1932, the rate of some crimes in large cities almost doubling. The death penalty, a popular punishment, was bestowed 1141 times from 1919 to 1932, of which only 184 were executed, a figure which infuriated many German citizens. Hitler and his party, on the other hand, promised to restore some semblance of the normality for which they [the majority of Germans] longed (Gellately). Hitler gave the police far greater powers than they had had previously, which they immediately began exercising even petty criminals such as swindlers an d con-artists were sent to concentration camps without trial. Death sentences under Hitler increased in number and 80% were actually carried out, a huge increase from Weimars 16%. Exaggerated stories of crime and punishment were sent to the press so often that they became constituent parts of Nazi mythology (Gellately). The Nazi  partys emphasis on the rebuilding of the German state, an idea spread primarily through propaganda, was exceedingly popular. The Nazis also linked crime to Jews, homosexuals and gypsies, which heightened the homophobia and anti-Semitism already prevalent in German society, which meant that the more radical aspects of Nazi ideology were more accepted in society. The image of Hitler as a radical proponent of cleaning up the streets, banishing offenders, and purifying the race and the stories about swift justice all fuelled [the] populist myths about the regime as a crime fighter, and thus earned it considerable support (Gellately), which helps explain why the majority of Germans conformed to the Nazi regime. The domestic policy of the Nazi party was closely related to its foreign policy, which provided successes that are even more important in understanding why the majority of Germans conformed to Nazi rule. The majority of Germany believed that the Treaty of Versailles was a great injustice, and many, including Hitler, believed Germany had only lost because the army had been stabbed in the back by the Jews and politicians of Germany. After Hitler assumed complete power over Germany the clauses of the Treaty of Versailles were overturned one by one, and each was greeted with overwhelming public support of Hitlers actions. In 1934 Hitler publicly announced that the German army, limited to 100 000 by the treaty, had already expanded to 240 000 and would grow to 550 000 in less than three years. At the same time he made public the existence of a German air force, forbidden under the terms of Versailles. In 1936, while France had no government in control, Hitler ordered German troops to march into the demilitarized Rhineland. Next, in October 1939, German reoccupied first the Sudetenland and then, in a surprise tank invasion, the rest of Czechoslovakia in March 1939. These bloodless successes overjoyed the German populace, as shown by the wild, enthusiastic crowd scenes seen around Germany after each foreign policy success. The outbreak of war brought even greater success. Quickly defeating both Poland and France, and beating Britain back to her Island, then pushing far into Russian territory, the Nazi Government appeared to be well on the way to completely dominating the continent. Now at the peak of its power, the vast majority of Germans not only conformed to Nazi rule but actively supported it. Almost all youth,  male and female, were enrolled in Hitler Youth, as the competing youth associations (even the illegal gangs) had been removed, their leaders sent to concentration camps. Unemployment was essentially nil, with the German army and Germans arm production assuring employment for anyone that wanted it. The SPD (Social Democrats) in exile sent agents to gauge popular opinion and found that the Nazis were almost uniformly supported throughout the country. Apart from the domestic and foreign policy success of the regime, the use of terror in Nazi society is also important in understanding why the majority of Germans conformed to Nazi rule. The orthodox view of the role of the Gestapo, represented by such historians as Jackel and Hillgrà ¼ber, is that the German secret policy pervaded every aspect of society, and that most Germans were so afraid of being arrested and interrogated that they were terrorized into submission. Recent research, however, has proven this judgment false. The terror was not the blanket, indiscriminate terror of popular myth (Johnson). In the Cologne region, for example, the Gestapo had only one officer for every 10 000 to 15 000 inhabitants (according to Johnson). Nazi terror was instead targeted only at opposition groups and those condemned by Nazi ideology. When an average, non-Jewish, heterosexual German was under Gestapo scrutiny, they were generally treated leniently and almost never punished. When a Jew o r opposition of the state was interrogated, however, they were treated brutally and almost always sent to a concentration camp. The majority of Germans did not conform to Nazi rule because of the terror instilled by the Gestapo; they conformed because of the attractions of the regime as shown by its domestic and foreign policy success. On the other hand, the minority groups that were either targeted by Nazi ideology and those that were not won over by success were actually forced to conform to Nazi rule. The minority groups were primarily uncovered, according to both Johnson and Gellately, through denunciations. Many ordinary Germans were so won over by Nazi ideology that they would report to the Gestapo any suspicious behaviour, such as homosexuality or sympathy for the plight of the Jews. In fact, almost anyone who did not openly support the regime was denounced by at least one neighbour. This made the Gestapo a highly effective unit, despite its small numbers, when  tracking down ideological enemies of the state. The Gestapo also proved highly effective in tracking down more serious opponents of the state. Through forced confessions, reports from informers and paid spies, house searchers, police raids, information supplied by Nazi Party officials, SS and SA storm troopers, and police auxiliaries, long-existing police registers of political opponents and known criminals, and other official sources (Gellately) the Gestapo tracked down and removed all serious opposition to the Nazi regime. In this way the Gestapo is vital to an understanding of why the majority of Germans conformed to Nazi rule because those few who might harbor doubts about the regime could never voice them for fear of persecution. The most dubious elements of Nazi policy the systematic murder of huge numbers of people based on race or sexual preference were grounded in deep-seated prejudices that proliferated German society. The prejudice against homosexuality was extremely, so it is not a stretch of credibility to surmise that many Germans supported the imprisonment of confirmed homosexuals. Hitlers advertisement of Rà ¶hms sexuality as justification for his murder is indicative of the strength of homophobia in Germany. Anti-Semitism in Germany (indeed, Europe) stretches back well over a thousand years. Again, it seems certain that most of the German population would have personally approved, to varying levels, of the persecution of the Jews. This is not to say that the majority of Germans supported the Nazi atrocities, but that the majority of Germans supported the principle of discrimination (if not the extremes to which it was carried). While virtually all balked when presented with Nazi war crimes (although Kershaw argues that the systematic gassing programme was largely unknown, not all can have been sincere given the direct participation of Germans in many parts of the process), the principle behind the killings was appreciated by many Germans. By building on existing prejudices that Nazis ensured that most Germans could find something to support in Nazi ideology. Finally, one of the most important factors in explaining German conformity is in the foundation of the Nazis unity the most stunning propaganda success the regime enjoyed, the establishment of the Hitler myth. This propaganda  helped create a population that did not just conform, but willingly conformed. Kershaw argues that while ultimately most of Nazi propaganda failed in their objectives, Goebbels succeeded in depicting Hitler as a dynamic, active, visionary leader who would lead Germany to greatness. Kershaw states that Hitler was seen as the representative of popular justice, the voice of the healthy sentiment of the people, the upholder of public morality, the embodiment of strong, if necessarily ruthless, action against the enemies of the people to enforce law and order'. Before the war Hitler was portrayed as both a statesmen and as the future military leader, taking muster of his armed forces (Kershaw). When the war began this image was broadened and the image of Hitler as supreme war leader and military strategist came to dominate all other components of the Fà ¼hrer myth'. The decline of the Hitler myth followed the military reversals of the war, when the population realised Hitlers personal responsibility for the catastrophe of Stalingrad. But until then the myth formed a significant part of the reasons why Germans conformed to Nazi rule. Accompanied by the early successes of the Nazi regime, this created a very persuasive regime regardless of the attractiveness of its ideology. Without an attractive ideology, a majority of Germans would have willingly conformed to Nazi rule at least as long as they didnt have to make sacrifices to do so. Combined with the Nazi ideology, which was attractive to a broad cross-section of Germany, the high level of conformity exhibited in Nazi Germany does not seem remarkable. Germans conformed to Nazi rule primarily because of the regimes initial domestic and foreign policy success, and the success of the establishment of the Hitler myth. Those groups who either opposed the regime or were targeted by Nazi ideology had little impact on the overall support of the party because they were silenced by the highly-effective Gestapo.